Resources
Identity Use Cases & Scenarios.- FIDIS Deliverables.
- Identity of Identity.
- Interoperability.
- Profiling.
- Forensic Implications.
- HighTechID.
- Privacy and legal-social content.
- Mobility and Identity.
- D11.1: Mobility and Identity.
- D11.2: Mobility and LBS.
- D11.3: Economic aspects of mobility and identity.
- D11.4: Workshop on Mobility and Identity.
- D11.5: The legal framework for location-based services in Europe.
- D11.12: Mobile Marketing in the Perspective of Identity, Privacy and Transparency.
- Other.
- IDIS Journal.
- FIDIS Interactive.
- Press & Events.
- In-House Journal.
- Booklets
- Identity in a Networked World.
- Identity R/Evolution.
D11.6: Survey on Mobile Identity
The deliverable in hand provides the results of an explorative survey on the
control model for identity related data in location-based services (LBS)
presented in FIDIS deliverable D11.2.
The survey was performed to explore the influence of LBS characteristics (pull
vs. push based, indirect vs. direct profile creation) on the perceived amount of
control participants have about the disclosure of their identity.
Four scenarios, each reflected a different aspect of the control model, have been
designed and tested.
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The legal framework for LBS in Europe CONCLUSION |
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Conclusion
Different kinds of technologies can be used to provide Location Based Services (LBS):
Satellite-based positioning systems;
Sensor-based systems;
Other wireless technologies, such as Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based systems or wireless communication systems, such as WiFi or Bluetooth;
Cell-based mobile communication networks;
Chip-card-based systems.
Since theses technologies differ a lot in the way they work, their characteristics and in their level of accuracy, they are suitable for different kinds of LBS. Furthermore, there are differences with regard to the limitations and possibilities to disturb or manipulate these positioning technologies. Also the purpose for which location data are required will influence the choice of a technology best suited to provide a certain LBS.
In LBS, location information typically is generated through location systems that usually consist of two or three types of components:
One or more devices sending location information to sensors in case sensors do not operate optically.
Sensors to receive and transfer location and time information to static or mobile backend systems.
Backend systems interpreting and / or using location information.
In this respect, not only differences exist with regard to the technologies used to provide LBS, but also with regard to the parties involved in the process. This means that control issues regarding the data that will be generated within these location systems can be complex, as generating and processing of these data in many cases is not done by the same organisation (or data controller). In view of these differences, it is interesting to study how LBS impact upon privacy and data protection and how the various kinds of LBS and location information relate to the legal framework for personal data, traffic data, and location data.
4 Location Information from a European Legal Perspective
Colette Cuijpers, Arnold Roosendaal & Bert-Jaap Koops (TILT)
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